harouns and the sea of stories essay Essays (845 words) - Literature

harouns and the ocean of stories article Essays (845 words) - Literature Sean Julien J. Watson ENG1D1-81 May 25, 2017 Narrating assumes a significant job in individuals lives. In Haroun and the ocean of stories. Salman Rushdie Government officials Paragraph Narrating is a basic piece of a legislator's endurance and work in Haroun and the Sea of Stories as stories are utilized to improve the reliability of the politicos. Politicos will successfully win votes. As political race opportunity arrived around, the politicos mixed around to get votes. Huge numbers of them relied on Rashid to get them votes. The politicos need Rashid on the grounds that, No one at any point thought anything a politico saidSo the politicos required Rashid to assist them with winning the individuals' votes (Rushdie 20). The residents don't have faith in politicos since they lie; they put stock in Rashid in light of the fact that he recounts stories. Rashid is famous and reliable so his accounts help the government officials to win votes. The politicos will to any lengths to get individuals to decide in favor of them. Additionally, the government officials use stories to assist them with keeping up their picture. A portion of the government officials recount to fal se stories so Snooty Buttoo needs Rashid's assistance to make him look better. Bombastic Buttoo demands that Rashid, will recount to cheerful stories, lauding stories, and the individuals will trust you, and be glad, and decision in favor of me (47). Pompous Buttoo needs Rashid to assist him with improving his picture. Stories help the residents trust and like the government officials. Without stories, the lawmakers would be found in a negative light and would not have a positive job in Kahani. Self important Buttoo needs Rashid to assist him with improving his picture. Stories help the residents trust and like the lawmakers. Without stories, the lawmakers would be found in a negative light and would not have a positive job in Kahani. Rashid section Narrating is essential to Rashid on the grounds that his activity is recounting stories which depends on the ocean of stories. As Rashid must state a story for gaudy Buttoo at his convention he decides to state the account of what the entire book is about. he opens with Women and men of honor, the name of the story I am going to tell is Haroun and the ocean of stories (205). Rashid says his story and the individuals of k valley should know reality and that they ought not decide in favor of Snooty Buttoo, and the group was exceptionally irate at Snooty Buttoo. Additionally, in Alifbay there was a dismal city. What's more, in this pitiful city rashid was the most sprightly individual. He recounts to his accounts to the individuals of the tragic city. His accounts originate from the stream in the ocean of stories. the narrator Rashid Khalifa, whose gladness was acclaimed all through that despondent city, and whose ceaseless stream of tall, short, and winding stories (15). Rashid recount s stories to the dismal city to perk up others just as to help light up their day and give them trust. This is all gratitude to the narratives that Rashid tells. Stories are critical to Rashid for his activity as a narrator which relies upon them, in addition to he utilizes them to brighten up the individuals of the tragic city. Plentimaw fish section Stories are critical to the P lentimaw fish since it is the thing that the feed off and if their food source is either gone or meddled with they will kick the bucket from starvation or affliction. Not long after showing up in K ohan, Haroun experienced two fish, Goopy and B agha . Who had a few mouths. Iff exp lained that these were the P l entimaw angles, causing Haroun to ponder their motivation. To which. Iff answered that the Plentimaw Fishes were what he called 'hunger specialists' 'Since when they are ravenous they swallow stories through each mouth, and in their innards marvels happen; a tad of one story joins on to a thought from another, and hello voila, when they heave the narratives out they are not the old stories but rather new ones (56). The P loaned imaw angles principle reason for existing is to c reate stories. They utilize their few mou ths to swallow plots and thoughts and afterward contort them into an entirely different story. With out stories the P lentimaw fish es would starve, making stories very impo rtant to them. Plentimaw fish likewise need st ories in light of the fact that, Goopy and bagha

P.O.S (Points of Sales system) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

P.O.S (Points of Sales framework) - Essay Example POS System Requirements The framework necessities will involve equipment and programming. These details will shift as far as the terminal either customer or the server. POS Software There will be a few programming required to guarantee smooth running of the framework both at the customer and server terminal. The POS application which makes the whole framework practical will be inside evolved. This is to guarantee its customization to stores prerequisites and usefulness. It will be introduced in the serve terminal. The favored stage will be windows 7 working framework. This is a direct result of its ease of use and similarity with all product intended for windows.Access database will be utilized, because of the size of the business, to follow stock. QuickBooks2010 bookkeeping programming will be introduced this will provide food for the creation of bookkeeping reports. Then again, customer PCs will be introduced withmagnetic and standardized identification information acknowledgment s oftware,credit card approval programming, printers programming, and windows 7 working programming. Moreover, all the terminals will be associated with the server through the Local Area Network (LAN) and the Wide Area Network (WAN). This will upgrade transmission of data between the terminals. Kaspersky antivirus 2011will be introduced to all the terminals to improve framework security for example hacking and infection related by systems administration. This antivirus is consequently refreshed through the web. Also, Ultra Exit 2M programming will be introduced in the cut off PC to follow thievery in the store. The Ultra Exit 2M will be mounted on the leave focuses to upgrade security. POS Hardware Computers The retail location will have twelve customer computersof Intel Core 2 team, with 1 GB RAM, 1.5 GHz processor speed and a HDD of 80 GB. They will be the fundamental essential deals exchange keying focuses and will be secret key controlled for singular representatives. The principl e information will be advanced, attractive information and physically keyed information. Yield from the terminals will be by and large deals receipts and terminal marketing chart. The server PC will fill in as control and reinforcement purposes to the terminal focuses. It will be anIntel Core i3; with 4 GB RAM, 3GHz processor speed and a HDD of 1TB.The yields will include deals reports, bookkeeping reports, for example, stock level investigation. Money Drawer and Printer There will be receipt driven Dot matrixprinters with a tear bar and a locking money cabinet with plastic additions which isolates notes from coins at each customer PC. The printers will serve to get deals receipt information contribution from individual PCs and yield a printed copy of deals receipt. At last, as a control measure after printing the receipt the money cabinet will open. Versatile Bar code Scanner and Magnetic stripe peruser These gadgets will be at each representative work area to encourage quick and p recise information input, and productive client care. Attractive stripe will encourage contribution of attractive information from customer’scredit cards to the POS system.Products inside the store will have an extraordinary scanner tag strip for simpler distinguishing proof. In this manner, standardized identification scanner will help to coordinate items with their scanner tags and information their costs to the framework. Remote Payment System This will be intended to make installment by clients progressively compelling, as they will

What Causes Heart Problems in Children - Discover Why They Are So Much More Common Than You Think

What Causes Heart Problems in Children - Discover Why They Are So Much More Common Than You ThinkWhat causes heart problems in children? Are the symptoms of heart problems common and don't really indicate anything serious? You may ask this question to your child's doctor, but I have some very interesting information about these answers that you may not be aware of. This article will give you the answers to the question of what causes heart problems in children.Many people assume that this problem occurs because there is a hole in the heart or arteries. This is incorrect. In most cases, a child will have a heart murmur, as the first symptom, and that means he or she is being tested for a heart defect. But in many other cases, such as children who are very active or overweight, or those who are simply prone to these issues, it can cause pain.People that do not understand what causes heart problems in children assume that the true symptoms are all associated with pain. That is actually not true. In fact, it is a result of the tests used to diagnose these issues.One of the most important issues that parents have to deal with is the subject of obesity. Children that are overweight will often have more than the normal number of symptoms. Children who are obese will also have greater numbers of symptoms that are not associated with pain. For example, children who are obese have an increased risk of developing diabetes.You need to begin looking at your own diet. Make sure that you are cutting down on all of the simple sugars that you consume. The amount of saturated fats, and trans fats that you consume need to be minimized. This is important in your children's well-being.You also need to make sure that you have a diet that includes plenty of fruits and vegetables. One of the main reasons why children are being diagnosed with the condition is because they are eating foods that are high in fat and sodium. It is essential that you become aware of the types of foods that you are allowing your children to eat.You also need to realize that you can take it one step further, by using some common sense. By using logic, you will be able to filter out the things that you allow your children to eat, based on the fact that they are not healthy for them. They can be of help, in some cases, by providing smaller portions of healthier foods. Then, you will find that your children are much more likely to eat the right foods, on a regular basis.You need to get your child to understand what causes heart problems in children, by using different things to teach them. Once they understand what causes the problem, they can begin a healthy lifestyle. By teaching them what they need to eat, you will then be able to help them avoid the things that they should avoid, by helping them understand the importance of a healthy lifestyle.

Literary Analysis Of The House On Mango Street - 1163 Words

Ezra Collins English 9: Tetlak Literary Analysis: The House on Mango Street November 3, 2017 Remember Where Your From The House on Mango Street On average 40,093,000 people in the United States move annually. In the book The House on Mango Street the main character Esperanza and her family are included in this number. They Come very poor roots, and they don t have much money. They move often, one day dreaming to live in a real house, one they don t have to share, one with their own yard, with stairs that are not hallway stairs, etc. They finally move into this beaten up house on Mango street, Her family is in love with it and act like it s their dream, however it does not meet Esperanza`s standards. Despite her dislike for this house†¦show more content†¦But she forgets to buy new party shoes, so Esperanza is forced to wear her ugly brown school shoes. Because of the shoes, Esperanza is ashamed to dance, and she even turns a boy down when he asks her. But then her Uncle Nacho persuades her to get up and dance, he tells her â€Å" You re the prettiest girl here, will you dance?†( ) And soon she s havin g so much fun that she forgets all about the shoes. She notices that the boy is watching her dance, and she likes it. That quote shows that she is growing confidence and becoming less embarrassed and self shamed. Even though she is changing as a person doesn t mean that what s on her mind is changing, She still is dreaming of a new house. Another time that Esperanza shows change is when, Esperanza goes to get her future read. She goes to see a witch woman named Elenita in hope that she sees if anything in her future includes a house. However Elenita only sees a home in the heart, which causes Esperanza to be disappointed. However this is a turning point for her in the book, because once this happens she begins to accept the fact that the house on mango street is the closes thing she has to a home right now and she begins to accept it. She still dreams of one day of having her dream house on her own when she grows up, however she finally realizes that The House on Mango street is where she is from. It is her home and there is nothing she can do to change this no matterShow MoreRelatedThe House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros766 Words   |  3 Pageswriting a literary analysis on â€Å"The House on Mango Street† by Sandra Cisneros. This story takes place in the center of an over populated Latino neighborhoo d in Chicago, a city where many of the poor areas are ethnically segregated. This novella uses two main symbols shoes and trees. Later in the literary analysis I will explain what these mean to the main characters. There are three main characters in the novella Esperanza, Sally and Nenny (short for â€Å"Magdalena†). The House on Mango Street tells theRead MoreWorld History Essay1533 Words   |  7 PagesSummer Reading Assignment Name: ____ __________________ 10th Grade The House on Mango Street Before returning to school next school year, you will need to read The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros and complete this assignment. This organizer is intended to guide your reading and focus your thoughts in preparation for the discussions, summer reading quiz and writing assignments you will engage in when you return in September. By carefully completing this assignment overRead MoreChronicle Of A Death Foretold By Gabriel Garcia Marquez1492 Words   |  6 Pageshas yielded a larger audience. Authors who have taken to the art of writing to express themselves are Sandra Cisneros and Julia Alvarez authors of both The House on Mango Street and In the Time of the Butterflies. To better understand the difference of those born in Latin America and In the those from Latin America, there must be an analysis of both works by different authors as well as scholarly articles.With the use of these lenses it can be seen that the writing styles of those born in LatinRead MoreAnalysis Of The House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros2154 Words   |  9 Pagesidentity can be so difficult, a lot of writers today have used this motif in their books, as this has become a topic many readers can relate to. A book that highlights this topic very much is â€Å"The House on Mango Street†, by Sandra Cisneros. This book is ab out a young girl named Esperanza, who moves to a new house and a new community, and struggles with finding her identity and fitting in the community. The book is written in a series of vignettes, or small poems that follow Esperanza’s journey of findingRead MoreMy Experience At The Industrial Revolution Debate838 Words   |  4 Pagesme was the Industrial Revolution debate. I performed poorly on the last debate, so I saw this one as an opportunity to do better. I did slightly better on this one. My greatest challenge in LA this term were probably the annotations on The House On Mango Street. I did them pretty well in the end, but they took me about an hour per page, and sometimes we had over four pages to read and annotate. In Social Studies, my greatest challenge was probably the causal loop diagrams because it took me a whileRead MoreLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pages Bildungsroman From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search In literary criticism, a Bildungsroman (German pronunciation: [ˈbÉ ªldÊŠÅ‹s.Ê oËÅ'maË n]; German: novel of formation, education, culture),[a] novel of formation, novel of education,[2] or coming-of-age story (though it may also be known as a subset of the coming-of-age story) is a literary genre that focuses on the psychological and moral growth of the protagonist from youth to adulthood (coming of age),[3]Read MoreThe Impacts of Mncs in the Economy of Bangladesh14643 Words   |  59 PagesBangladesh as their social responsibilities. They also financially assist these stars as regular basis or a fixed amount. Grameenphone Grameen phone one of the leading telecommunication corporate house in Bangladesh .It started it journey 10 years back with a believe that â€Å"Good development is good business†. They deliver the best to their customers, business partners, stakeholders, employees and society at large by ‘being a partner in developmentRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesof the movement, (2) the gradual rapprochement between the movement and the wider society, and (3) the impact of Rastafari on the evolution of Jamaicas indigenous popular culture. The internal development includes the emergence of a network of â€Å"houses† and â€Å"mansions† as the collective units of the movement,10 of a world view or ideology encoded in a variety of symbols, and of collective ritual activities, which initiate and conï ¬ rm individuals in the principles of Rastafari. With regard to theRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pagesfollowing cases: f l n r -go -lá » ¥ rather than h in words like afá »â€¹a rather than r in words like mmili ¤ rather than l in words like á » ¥nà ²Ã¯â‚¬ ¤ rather than h in words like ará » ¥ rather than -la in the perfect form rather than -rA in the neutral form market water house body With these differences, of course, go a host of lexical differences. It is hoped that comparison with other dialects will bring these to light. At the same time, it should be realized that not all the words included here are pure Onitsha

Essay on I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou

Kelly Kolodziej Mrs. Dobos English 10 Honors, Period 7 14 February 2011 Insecurity of Gaining Pride in Oneself Have you ever considered how a young, insecure, black girl growing up in the South during the 1930s dealt with physical and verbal discrimination directed toward her African American race? This may not seem like a big deal at first, but consider that this was a time before the African American Civil Rights Movement; a time during which racism and segregation were a fact of life. It was a daily struggle for blacks to live in a society that clearly and openly did not accept them as equal people. They were frequently ridiculed and disrespected just because of the color of their skin. Since they were evidently treated†¦show more content†¦This is a clear example of how her childhood experience scarred her and added her to resentment of her race. Throughout her youth, Maya also felt as if she was hideous and often compared her unattractive physical appearances to those of â€Å"sweet, little, white girls† (Angelou 1). Maya Angelou rec ounts her feelings about being an â€Å"ugly† black girl: Wouldn’t they be surprised when one day I woke out of my black ugly dream, and my real hair, which was long and blond, would take the place of the kinky mass that Momma wouldn’t let me straighten? ...Because I was really white and because a cruel fairy stepmother, who was understandably jealous of my beauty, had turned me into a too-big Negro girl, with nappy black hair, broad feet and a space between her teeth that would hold a number-two pencil (Angelou 2). In just the first few pages of the novel, Maya clearly is upset with the fact she is not an â€Å"ideal† young women. She believed that an ideal woman was a white girl with long, blonde hair. Maya expresses her unhappiness with her race when she said that she wished she could look like a white girl having their hair instead of her own. In addition, Critic Pierre A. Walker comments on how â€Å"in the opening pages of the book, Maya suffered from a strong case of racial self-hatred, fantasizing that she was ‘really white’, with ‘light-blue eyes’ and ‘long blond’ hair† (Walker). These two quotationsShow MoreRelatedI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings By Maya Angelou1391 Words   |  6 PagesMaya Angelou’s debut autobiography is an article of literature that depicts the life of a young black girl growing up in a world pitted against her, and the resilience she found in herself in order to survive. Angelou is a voice that is not oft en heard. In a world dominated by a white male narrative, the plights of the minority are often overshadowed. Thus, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings is an imperative novel as it articulates the life of not only Angelou, but also of the unique experiences thatRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings By Maya Angelou Essay2303 Words   |  10 PagesOne of the quotes that Maya Angelou spoke about goes â€Å"History, despite its wrenching pain, cannot be unlived, but if faced with courage, need not be lived again.† In two of the poems written by Maya Angelou ‘I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings,’ which inspired millions of readers helped tackle difficulties related to themes such as racism, sexual abuse, equality. â€Å"Still I Rise† explores the idea of racial discrimination along with Abel Meeropol â€Å"Strange Fruit† and ‘Caged Bird’ which was sang by AliciaRead MoreI Know Why the Caged Bird Sings - Maya Angelou6502 Words   |  27 PagesAnalysis: Chapters 1–5 The lines from the poem Maya cannot finish, â€Å"What are you looking at me for? I didn’t come to stay . . .† capture two of the most significant issues she struggles with in her childhood and young adulthood: feeling ugly and awkward and never feeling attached to one place. First, Maya imagines that though people judge her unfairly by her awkward looks, they will be surprised one day when her true self emerges. At the time, she hopes that she will emerge as if in a fairy-taleRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings By Maya Angelou886 Words   |  4 PagesChampion of the World is a chapter in Maya Angelou s book I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings where the focal point describes a very significant event to the African American people during her adolescence. It shows a 1930’s black community fired up about a fight over racial resentment build up over the past years. The famous African American boxer, Joe Louis, it fighting for his title against a white contender. The story explains in detail the overwhelming amount of excitement and eagerness comingRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings By Maya Angelou1609 Words   |  7 PagesI Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou displays several characters who each own a voice that they make their own. Throughout the memoir, the reader learns about Angelou’s life, including the people that she grew up with as a child. One of the main characters that had a significant impact on Angelou as she was growing up was her brother, Bailey. Bailey helped Angelou understand the life around her as she was trying to navigate the world. He was a strong role model that she could look up toRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings By Maya Angelou Analysis840 Words   |  4 Pagesperson is none other than Maya Angelou. Angelou has been a famous American poet since the release of her 1969 autobiography, I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings. Angelou has inspired many people by telling her life story to the public, but not only did she inspire, she also created a very different and personal point of view of the world we live in. The poem’s she has written transition from pain and suffering or to courage and confidence. Nonetheless, even though Angelou wrote mostly about anguishedRead MoreMaya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings913 Words   |  4 Pages Maya Angelou’s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings is an autobiography that describes the coming of age of a Southern black girl who overcomes society’s cruelty as she grows up. Taking place in Stamps, Kansas during the 1930s, the autobiography captures Marguerite Ann Johnson’s, or Maya’s, battle of finding herself and coming to terms with who she is while growing up in a time period comprised of oppression and discrimination. Furthermore, Maya endures many childhood hardships due to her race, and sheRead MoreMaya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings701 Words   |  3 PagesMaya Angelou: â€Å" I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings† In this poem Maya Angelou talks about the civil rights movement. She also express her personal life of what she went through such as being raped at the age of 6 by her mother’s boyfriend and also becoming mute for 5 years. She also states how she got pregnant and had to raise a child at 16. All these events led up to writing this poem from a caged bird that sings point of view. â€Å"Remembrance† In this poem Maya Angelou express how she was being rapedRead MoreMaya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1888 Words   |  8 Pages Maya Angelou once said â€Å"We may encounter many defeats but we must not be defeated† and this phrase speaks volume in comparison to Angelou’s life story. She was born Marguerite Ann Johnson on April 4th, 1928, in St. Louis, Missouri. The name Maya was given to her by her older brother, Bailey Jr. Maya Angelou is not only a sister, but also an inspirational role model, a mother, an author, a poet, a civil rights activist, and an actor. In 1969 Angelou’s world renowned book â€Å"I Know Why the Caged BirdRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings By Maya Angelou2313 Words   |  10 Pagesknown as â€Å"Maya† sees beauty as being a blond white girl instead of an African American girl. Becoming a white girl is the only way she feels that she can escape the black hole that she feels she’s so constantly sucked int o. In the book, â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings†, written by Maya Angelou, Marguerite states â€Å"I was going to look like one of the sweet little white girls who were everybody s dream of what was right with the world†(Introduction). Also, Marguerite states â€Å"Because I was really

Idolization of Elvis Presley After Death Free Essays

Elvis Presley was the first rock and roll star. He was born January 8, 1935, in East Tupelo, MS. Presley was the son of Gladys and Vernon Presley, a sewing machine operator and a truck driver. We will write a custom essay sample on Idolization of Elvis Presley After Death or any similar topic only for you Order Now He and his parents moved to Memphis, TN in 1948 and Elvis graduated from Humes High School in 1953. Elvis Presley is one of the world’s most famous singers and icon of music and pop culture. His talent, good looks, sensuality, charisma, and good humor endeared him to millions, as did the humility and human kindness he demonstrated throughout his life. Elvis was a very kind man. He did everything he could for people around him. In 1975, he purchased a poor black East Memphis woman an electric wheel chair and picked her up and personally sat her in it. The woman’s teenage daughter told Elvis she liked his car. He gave it to her and even gave her boyfriend a job. Studies show that Presley was bullied at school. Classmates threw things at him, rotten fruit and stuff, because he was different, such as quiet and he stuttered and he was a mama’s boy. All of this showed him that he had to change his attitude and become someone that he was not. Presley was more popular than ever and one of the biggest personality cults in modern history was taking hold. When Presley was off stage he suffered self doubt, poor management, and a basic dissatisfaction with his life. With these thoughts he turned to drugs to solve all of his problems. Elvis’ musical influences were the pop and country music of the time, the gospel music he heard in church and at the all-night gospel sings he frequently attended, and the black RB he absorbed on historic Beale Street as a Memphis teenager. He put together music from both sides of the color line. Elvis performed this music with a hip swiveling sexuality that made him a teen idol and a role model for generations of cool rebels. He was always dismissed vulgar, incompetent and bad influence. Teenage girls became hysterical over his sexual movements; particularly the one that got him nicknamed â€Å"Elvis the Pelvis†. Television cameras were not permitted to film below his waist. Presley had a versatile voice and had unusually wide success with other genres, including gospel, blues, ballads, and pop. To this day, he is the only performer to have been inducted into four music halls of fame. People today still think that Elvis was the greatest person in the world and he was not. Of course he made good music and had accomplished things that people still haven’t been able to do to this day but he also did a lot of bad things also. He was a prescription drug abuser and even led many women on to think that he really liked them instead of just telling them all the truth. Elvis Presley died on August 16, 1977 in the bathroom at Graceland. Studies show that he died of cardiac arrhythmia, which means that the heart was beating irregularly and in this case, finally stopped. While that is so true he also overdosed on many different prescription drugs. These drugs included codeine, valium, morphine, and Demerol. These were the drugs that were said to be Presley’s depressants. Now that Elvis has been for 31 years, he still has many people talking and seeing him as he is still alive. People still praise him after his death. That is so against the Christian religion. The Christian bible says that you shouldn’t idolize any other person but the Almighty above. You will be punished for idolizing any other person other than God. Okay I can understand leaving his house up for public show but having old pork chops and pajamas all on the floor is uncaused for. People just take it overboard and then for him to have been dead for so long, why do people keep saying that he is still alive. It just doesn’t make any sense for them to be saying that and they know that he is buried behind his Graceland home in Memphis. Since Elvis’ death, his Memphis home Graceland has become a shrine for millions of followers worldwide. Graceland was purchased by Presley in March 1957, it was a former church and he converted it into a twenty three room mansion. Graceland visitors come from all walks of life, all ages, all musical tastes, all income levels, all educational backgrounds, and all parts of the world. Over half of Graceland’s visitors are under the age of 35. I am 19 years old and would ride pass Presley’s house everyday and would care less what’s in his house. You can see how it looks from the streets. People even gathered twice a year to celebrate his birthday and mourn on his death date. I think that that is the craziest thing ever. These are people that know nothing about this man and have only listened to his music and do stuff like this. I mean Elvis Presley Blvd will be backed up for miles because people are out worshipping this man and he is nobody. Yes he may have given Memphis a good name but he did nothing for the city itself. We had B. B King and many others and you barely hear anything about them. When you hear of Memphis it’s all about Elvis Presley and he did nothing. Presley’s home Graceland is the second most popular private tourist attraction in the United States after the White House, and is estimated to bring in $150 million to the city itself each year. I just can’t believe that because Memphis has streets that need to be fixed, need new schools, and more. Memphis is not a perfect city at all and if we’re getting that much from Graceland then we should be close to perfect. Presley’s family or daughter is getting that money and it makes me upset to see them say that Memphis is getting a percent of that money and we not seeing a dime of it. In conclusion, Elvis has brought a lot to Memphis and has given us a good name. Elvis was one of the best artists alive but he is gone and people should treat him as such. He lived as a good man or so they say but he gone now. It is fine to leave his house up for attractions but do something with the money to help the communities around Memphis and to better it. Idolization is not right and should not be practiced. It doesn’t matter who it is. Nobody amounts to God and nobody should be compared or treated as God is. How to cite Idolization of Elvis Presley After Death, Essay examples

Marks Spencer Essay Example

Marks Spencer Paper Marketers use PEST analysis in order to investigate the outside environment in which an organization is operating. PEST stands for: * Political factors affect the activity of the business. Political developments are generally out of the control of an organization, but it needs to forecast and anticipate change and then react accordingly. The development of the European Union has provided both opportunities and threats to British organizations. Its recent enlargement meant the market for British products expanded by 45 million customers. * Economic influences look at how the performance of the economy impacts on organizations. All economies go through cycles of prosperity, recession and recovery. The business cycle is especially important because of its direct effect on consumer and business spending. During times of prosperity, both consumers and business customers buy more goods and services. * Social environment describes the characteristics of society, the people who live in that society and their values and beliefs. The first area of study tends to focus on the population demographics revealing information about size, gender, ethnic groups, income levels, educational attainment, occupations and family structure. This information is very useful to marketers in predicting the size of markets for many products from food to clothe. We will write a custom essay sample on Marks Spencer specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marks Spencer specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marks Spencer specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer * Technological developments affect many organizations. Growing ownership of computers and the influence of the Internet is allowing people to buy virtually anything without having to leave their homes. Mobile phones are also now being used for advertisements. Political Factors MS: Political factors affect MS in a lot of ways. Some of those ways are explained below: The Sex Discrimination Act 1975 makes it illegal for anyone to be directly or indirectly discriminated against or harassed on their grounds of gender. It applies to all aspects of employment, training, treatment at work, dismissal and redundancy. There are some expectations such as acting and live in jobs, but however these are rare. Marks Spencer follows the Sex Discrimination Law in order no to get sued. However if MS choose not to follow this act they will get sued which will mean they will have more expenses in the business. Also if MS also get sued they will be in the newspapers probably all around the world which means MS will then end up loosing their customers as well as publicity which will also go into their expenses. The Disability Discrimination Act 1995 protects people with disability against discrimination in employment, when obtaining goods and services, buying/renting land or property and gaining access to business premises. Employers must make reasonable adjustments to the workplace to enable a disabled person to do the job. Public bodies must have policies and action plans to tackle discrimination and no employer must treat a disabled person less favourably than able bodied people without justification. Discrimination is not divided into direct or indirect but is based on the grounds that less favourable treatment cannot be justified. Marks Spencer must follow the Disability Discrimination Law. The things that MS do to follow this law are they have lifts in all of their stores if the stores have stairs, they have lowered cash tills which is easier for the disabled person to reach, they also have electric wheel chairs which are good for the disabled people if they can not walk. If MS did not follow this law they would get sued and loose profit from the business. National Minimum Wage Act 1998 the minimum wage in the UK is  £5.73 for all adult workers. MS are paying most of their staffs the minimum wage  £5.73 per hour The mandate trade union proclaim on Tuesday, 24 February 2009 that they have made and agreement with MS for a new pay deal which is above the terms of the national wage agreement. Normally Marks Spencers staffs receives 5.73 per hour but it depends on how old they, if they are 22 years then they will receive that amount if below the age then they will receive less. Although a complex retail environment and call from employers groups for an extended pay pause, MS agreed to increase staffs wages above the current rates of pay to 6.7%. Mandate Assistant General Secretary, Gerry Light said, This deal is significant both in terms of Marks and Spencers recognition of the contribution from its staff members and also in terms of the local partnership process which can work successfully, even in difficult economic times, between employers and trade unions. The deal will see the implementation of the first phase (3.5%) of Towards 2016 paid to all staff from 1 January 2009 which means Marks and Spencer staff will not see a three month pay freeze as was negotiated in the National Wage Agreement and will instead see their pay increased ahead of schedule. The National Minimum Wage Act 1998 creates a minimum wage across the United Kingdom, currently  £5.73 per hour for adults. It was a flagship policy of the Labour Party in the UK during its 1997 election campaign and is still pronounced today in New Labour Party circulars as an outstanding gain for at least 1.5 million people. The national minimum wage (NMW) took effect on 1 April 1999. No national minimum wage existed prior to this date, although there were a variety of systems of wage controls focussed on specific industries. Part of the reason for Labours minimum wage policy was the decline of trade union membership over recent decades (weakening employees bargaining power), as well as a recognition that the employees most vulnerable to low pay (especially in service industries) were rarely unionised in the first place. The minimum wage was opposed by the opposition Conservative Party, including the Conservatives current leader, David Cameron. all employers must pay a minimum hourly wage to workers over the age of 18 regardless of where they work the size of the firm or the workers occupation. From the 1st October 2004 the national minimum wage was extended to workers aged 16 and 17 but this does not include apprentices aged 16-18. Apprentices aged 19 and above qualify for the minimum wage after the first twelve months of their apprenticeship. Marks Spencer pay all of the workers at least the minimum wage and even more for other workers. It is good for Marks and Spencer that the minimum wage isnt so big because they dont have to over pay their workers. However if the minimum wage keeps increasing then MS might have to cut jobs which means their sales and profits will be lower. Economic Factors MS: Economic factors affect MS in a lot of different ways. Some of those ways are explained below: Costs of credit (borrowing): Cost of borrowing influence MS in a good and bad way because they have to borrow money to expand however the bad way is that they have to pay back interest rates in return Marks Spencer has to be careful with the amount of money that they borrow from the bank. The reason for this is because when you borrow money from the bank you have to pay them interests because the bank is sacrificing their ability to use that money. Marks Spencer has to be careful not to borrow more than they actually need because interest repayments may rise causing MS more expenses which at the end of the day for them is profit that could be made. Competitive pressures: Competition affects MS in a bad way because they have to fight in order to sell their products. Competition is one of the biggest influence to MS. Marks Spencer competes against businesses such as Tesco and Asda for market share by making their products high quality and healthy as well as having good prices on them. Marks Spencer has many different ways that they could beat the competition. However they are already beating the competition because their main competitor is Waitrose and MS is more popular and has better prices than Waitrose products. This is a good for MS because they are one of the healthiest retailers in the UK and have competitive prices. Energy prices: Energy prices are an important cost of MS and are a bad impact because MS has more costs to pay. This is because MS stores use electricity for light, cash machines, heating and air conditioning. When energy prices increase MS then have to figure out ways how to use less electricity whether that would be installing solar panels in their store or something else. This has a big impact on MS because their business costs increase which means that they have to raise costs of their products in order to retain their profits. Social factors MS: Social factors affect MS in a lot of different ways. Some of those ways are explained below: Ageing population: The number of older people in the UK is increasing all the time. This has a good impact on MS because their target market will increase in age meaning more sales. This means that MS must produce things such as clothes for older people. However this is a good affect on MS because this will increase their profits more due to the amount of people that are going to buy their products is increasing. The old people will also eat healthy foods and MS food is really healthy if not the healthiest out of all the different food organisations in the UK such as Tesco and Asda. Hosting a major sporting and cultural events: Marks Spencer Celebrity culture: Celebrity culture is a good impact on MS because a lot people want to become celebrities. If they can not become celebrities they try to dress and live like celebrities. This is why Marks Spencer has to pay celebrities such as Twiggy to advertise their products to customers in positive ways. When MS use celebrities to advertise their products customers will buy them more because they will think that they will look like the celebrity that is advertising those products. It costs MS a lot of money to employ celebrities in order to advertise their products however it is like an investment for MS because their sales will increase on the products that they will advertise. Technological factors: Technological factors affect MS in a lot of different ways. Some of those ways are. Internet: Internet is a good impact for MS because they are able to sell their products online. MS have a website which is www.marksandspencer.co.uk in their website you can everything online and get it delivered straight to your home. This means that MS is able to expand their business to those who can not leave their home but want to use MS products. Internet has made a good opportunity for MS to expand their business globally.

Cultivating Emotional Intelligence in the Work Place

Cultivating Emotional Intelligence in the Work Place Executive summary This paper analyses emotional intelligence and its applicability at places of work. The introductory part defines emotions and explains what emotional intelligence, and distinguishes it from academic intelligence or intelligent quotient. In the main body, deeper discussions of the tenets of emotional intelligence are explored.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Cultivating Emotional Intelligence in the Work Place specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The causes and underlying reasons for emotional breakdown are discussed with concrete examples. The paper further explains how modern organizations are trying to adopt emotional intelligence, and how this component of modern human resource management can impact the performance of organizations. Introduction Have you ever been angry with your workmate? What prompted your anger and how did you react? Do you think your reaction was justified? These questions intr oduce us to the subject of managing emotions which is also referred to as emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence commonly abbreviated as (EQ) or emotional quotient is one of the key tenets of modern human resource management. Emotions occupy a very big part of human life, thus this subject deserves much attention. Emotion is defined as the disturbance of the mind and passion, and which excites the mental state of a person. It is usually marked by a strong feeling to act. On a daily basis, people experience different happenings in or out of work. The modern world economy is dominated by economic constraint, for instance the economic recession that was experienced in early 2008 (Weiten, 2009). For a longer period of time, it has been believed that the success of a person at the place of work depends on the level of intelligence of that person known as intelligence quotient (IQ). This is presumed to work in the academic field and not the real open work field. It has been noted that the performance of a person at the place of work goes far beyond the intelligence quotient. The modern workplace demands for varied resourcefulness. What is needed is a different kind of mental smartness; that is, emotional intelligence (Singh, 2006). Since the start of 1990s organizations and researchers in the United Kingdom began to accept and implement emotional intelligence. From then, consultants in management and psychologists have dug deep into research to know how important emotional intelligence is at places of work in relation to productivity, the general management and in sales. They appreciated that emotional intelligence is a basic need more so in jobs where interaction between people is a must (Gold and Mumford, 2010).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Distinguishing Emotional Intelligence from Intelligent Quotient Chakraborty (2008) observes tha t many people have failed to separate these two subjects. They use these terms in similar contexts with assumptions that each is the antonym of one another. It is good to note that the two have a kind of a complex relationship. Emotional intelligence is based on emotion while rational or intelligent quotient is based on academics. Nonetheless, the two interact in a certain manner and go together in some instances. Emotional responses can be managed well through conscious efforts. When this awareness is inexistent, rational thinking is overridden by emotional actions (Chakraborty, 2008). Emotional intelligence skills There are a number of emotional intelligence skills that are very fruitful when they are learnt and adopted. They include being empathetic. When a leader in any organization has grasped this skill, he or she is able to feel and listen to the demands and complaints from employees (Stein, 2009). Responsibility is also an important skill of managing emotions. Managers who h ave a grasp of social responsibility give room for a participatory approach in management. Such managers take good care of the community and the environment they are working in and respect the rules that govern that society (Stein, 2009). Leaders who are emotionally intelligence know how to relate well with other people. Good interpersonal relationship skills help these leaders to maintain a positive relationship with all other people in the organization. Good interpersonal relation skills help leaders to cultivate relationships they want in the organization (Stein, 2009). Emotional intelligence has to come with the ability to control impulses. This skill comprises of patience, and it allows a leader to listen to the employers of the company. Therefore, employers are able to clearly understand the views of employees and they can make an attempt to integrate these views in the organizational working framework thus drawing away bad feelings and protests at the place of work. Happiness is another important emotional management skill that leaders need to have in order to manage emotions in the organizations that they lead. Happiness pulls people closer to the organization. Employees will always prefer to work with joyful and rejuvenated leaders. On the contrary, they will shun from leaders who are gloomy and unfriendly (Stein, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Cultivating Emotional Intelligence in the Work Place specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Emotional intelligence has to be accompanied with tough mindedness. For any leader to gain success, he or she has to have a lot of resilience. This enables one to easily respond to tough and challenging situations. They manage to persevere when faced with obstacles. It is easy for them to overcome challenging situations and easily contain pressure arising from these constraints. Tough minded leaders must have high self-regard because people with high self-regard have confidence and self-assurance. Leaders who possess the skill of self-regard have a strong understanding of their strongpoints and their weak points. They use confidence to counter tough situations and moments of the organization. Tough minded leaders must have high levels of tolerating stress. This means that one must be ready and know how to deal with tough situations as they arise. Though attending to a taunting task, one is able to keep focus and control himself in relation to the activity that he or she is handling (Stein, 2009). Organizational Culture and Emotional Intelligence The bottom line in operation of a business, companies or even the government are impacted by emotions that are derived from the work, the management and the customers. Organizational culture and climate are determined by emotions and how the emotions in the organization and how these emotions are managed. The feeling and performance of employees influences the feeling, satisfaction level and loyalty of customers to the company. These in turn work to affect the performance of the organization. Emotions whether they are positive or negative affects everyone in the organization. In â€Å"What makes a leader† in the Harvard Business Review, Daniel Goleman (2005) states â€Å"When I calculate the ratio of technical skills, IQ and emotional intelligence as ingredients of excellent performance, emotional intelligence proved to be twice as important as others for jobs at all levels† (Stock, 2008, p.18). He goes on to say, â€Å"When I compared star performers with average ones in senior leadership positions, nearly 90% of difference in their profile was attributable to Emotional Intelligence factors rather than cognitive abilities† (Stock, 2008, p.18). There is evidence supported by many researchers that emotional intelligence lays at the centre of efficient leadership. Efficient leaders are modelled by their thoughts and state of mind as they perform their work. Good leaders have self awareness as well as the influence they have on other people.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Self awareness is more vital. Leaders who have performed well in management have high abilities to control or manage their emotions. They do not at any point let emotions control them but rather are always on top of their emotions are good in adjusting their feelings (Stock, 2008). Organizational culture is a combination of different tenets that include values, beliefs and behaviours. These tenets work together to determine the climate of an organization. Analysts argue that emotions have economic value. Profitability of companies are determined by behaviours of employee most of which are shaped by emotions (Stock, 2008). Research ascertains that the manner in which employees behave and treat one another affects the profit making patterns of the organization. The improvement in the attitude of employees leads to an improvement. Research ascertains that the manner in which employees behave and treat one another affects the profit making patterns of the organization. The management of companies are in these times finding it important to handle employees in a nice way. It has been found out that if at any instance, the attitude of employees rises, the satisfaction of customers will equally raise (Spritzer, 2007). Stress normally has a big impact on the management and the workers. Stress emanates from bad emotions and feeling that renders people unable to withstand what the environment demands from them. Demands of the jobs and the social setting of the society are unlikely to change soon. This is making it very important to develop skills to held cope with these demands thus a call for emotional intelligence skills. On the other hand, there is good stress also called eustress. This is fuelled by positive emotions (Stock, 2008). Research indicates that when anxiety, fear or even despair enters a persons mind, a person become defensive and seek for personal security. On realization the people who surround cant offer the security, the person becomes frustrated. This results in a turndown in performance. The taunting nature of tasks at places of work is being accompanied by stress. Jobs that come with a lot of complexities call for high levels of emotional intelligence. At the workplace there is rising need to help manage stress. Stress management is not a simple activity. It requires one to have high levels of emotional intelligence in order to solve this problem without harming the activities of the company where one works. Successful managing of stress and its related conditions has positive impact to the profit patterns of the company (Singh, 2006). Social and emotional intelligence works have been adopted by organizations. A person’s social and emotional intelligence goes deep into making the person successful. If extrapolated, this can be reflective of the entire organizational culture. People who manage famous organizations keep in mind that their workers are their key assets thus by developing them; their organizations are bound to be successful. In order for organizations to maximize on their competitive abilities, they have to pay maximum attention to motivating and satisfying the needs of their employees. Ability of the organization to weigh and fully understand the socio– emotional intelligence is a beginner step to see to ensuring that an organization has reached its maximum potential. Organizations that are devoid of emotional intelligence stand a high risk of not attaining their goals. Emotionally intelligent organizations on the other hand, have a high rate of attaining their goals and objectives. They promote an open culture where issues of openness and transparency are the key norms (Singh, 2006). Merging Organizational Culture and Emotional Intelligence Leslie works in a young advertising, and she has good friendship with the workmates. Much of the leisure time, she spends time with her friends. She describes the manner in which she relates with the bosses. The bosses are very nice, and th ey forward them online emails and jokes. A lot of workers gather on his computer to view latest emailed jokes (Spitzer, 2007). This is so creative of the leadership of the organization. Though, after working for very long hours, she fills guilty leaving earlier whenever she has to do so. The reasons why people or employees get faded up with the work they do originate mostly from their supervisors or bosses. The leading teams in organizations affect the organization through directing, and guiding and the manner of responding both to the employees and the external world. Leaders in any organization are the steers of the organizational ship. People needs to be full aware of where the ship they are travelling in is meant to reach. Employers need to understand that the leadership is competent when it comes to organizational decision making and that they are guided by the interests of the organization they are leading (Stein, 2007). Conclusion From the discussion, it is clear the world we live in today is full of challenges that emanate from both the economic and social spheres of life. These challenges have a great impact on people and their behaviours. Therefore, the modern society has to accept the realities that these challenges pose to organizational performance. In an effort to counter the challenges, they have resorted to introduce and cultivate the culture emotional intelligence and management. Emotional intelligence is however a subject that is still very young. Nonetheless, smart organizations that have adopted this technique are doing well. Emotion intelligence has become more of a necessity in organizations in current time. Each organization faces emotional related problems and thus by adopting this practice can help them maximize productivity. Recommendation Organizations should conduct research about the changes on the emotions of their employees, so that they can determine the best motivational strategies to apply. In addition, employees should be con sulted when implementing strategies in the organization to ensure they accept them. Reference List Chakraborty, A., 2008, Emotional intelligence, Berlin, Springer. Gold, J., Thorpe, R., Mumford, A., 2010, Gower handbook of leadership and management development. Burlington, VT, Gower. Goleman, D., 2005, Emotional intelligence. New York, N.Y., Bantam Dell. Singh, D., 2006, Emotional Intelligence at Work: A Professional Guide. New Delhi: Response Books. Spitzer, D. R., 2007, transforming performance measurement rethinking the way we measure and drive organizational success, New York, American Management Association. Stein, S., 2009, Emotional intelligence for dummies, Mississauga, Ont, John Wiley Sons Canada. Stein, S. J., 2007, Make your workplace great: the 7 keys to an emotionally intelligent organization, Mississauga, Ont, J. Wiley Sons Canada Ltd. Stock, B., 2008, Smart emotions: for busy business people, [Mich.], B. Stock. Weiten, W., 2009, Psychology applied to modern life: a djustment in the 21st century, Australia: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

Loath and Loathe

Loath and Loathe Loath and Loathe Loath and Loathe By Maeve Maddox Paul Russell writes: I am loath to admit, or maybe loathe to admit, that I always thought the correct expression was â€Å"loathed to admit† But having Googled, I find the â€Å"loath† version scores about 1.1m pages,†loathe† around 55,000 with â€Å"loathed† in a lowly last place at 32,000. Please can you tell me which is correct, although I suspect Google has already answered my question. The forms loath, loathe, and loathed are not interchangeable. The word loath is an adjective. It’s from Old English laà ° which meant â€Å"hostile, repulsive.† It’s related to German Leid (sorrow) and French laid (ugly). Its most frequent modern usage is in the expression â€Å"to be loath to do something,† in which the meaning is not much stronger than â€Å"reluctant.† Ex. I am loath to admit my mistake. In Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, the Wife of Bath tells the story of the â€Å"loathly lady.† A young man must choose between an ugly (loathly) bride who will be faithful, and a beautiful one who will not be. The word loathe is a verb. It’s from Old English laà °ian which had the meaning â€Å"to hate, to be disgusted with.† The modern meaning is about the same: â€Å"to feel strong aversion for; have extreme disgust at.† The form loathed is the participle form. Ex. The child loathed the cruel teacher. A variant spelling of the adjective loath is loth. The th in the adjective has the unvoiced sound heard in thin. The verb loathe (despite the tutor’s note at Answers.com) has a different pronunciation. The th in loathe has the voiced sound heard in this. The silent final e is what signals the difference in pronunciation. In looking for examples on the web I came across the form â€Å"loather.† The Kingdom of Loathers is an online game. The Loathers is a music group. A blogger criticizing the ACLU indicated that the letters must stand for American Christian Loathers Union. I couldn’t find any indication of how the word â€Å"loather† in these examples is pronounced. If the â€Å"loather† is so called because of feelings of reluctance, I should think that the pronunciation is [lÃ… th-É™r] with unvoiced th. If the â€Å"loather† is so called because of feelings of intense dislike of something (as is presumably the case in the ACLU reference), then it would be pronounced with a voiced th: [lÃ… TH-É™r]. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Farther vs. FurtherList of 50 Great Word Games for Kids and AdultsPeople vs. Persons

John Stuart Mill's On Liberty as applied to an issue of modern times Essay

John Stuart Mill's On Liberty as applied to an issue of modern times - Essay Example He was concerned that this majority would stamp out diversity, repress individuals whom failed to conform to herdlike values, and stifle dissenting views. The mass media presents a complex study because it involves an interplay between a tightly controlled corporate elite and masses of citizens whom too often turn to and rely upon the mass media for facts and information. How the mass media presents events is critical to American citizens attaining the intellectual and physical sovereignty to which Mill referred as constititing the foundations of their liberty and freedom. This essay will argue that, viewed through the principles articulated by Mill, today's oligopolistic mass media undermines and stifles the ideals to which he aspired for American citiens; as a result, notions such as the legitimacy of diversity and the sanctity of variety have been dealt a critical blow. As a preliminary matter, before discussing Mill more particularly, it is necessary to place modern American mass media in context. ... In democratic societies the manner by which the media system is structured, controlled, and subsidized is of central political importance. Control over the means of communication is an integral aspect of political and economic power" (McChesney, 1997: 6). The irony is that, although the mass media is privately controlled, it is structured in a way which more resembles a non-democratic oligopoly or military junta than a democratically-structured disperssion of media outlets. In short, from a structural point of view, American mass media is controlled and delivered by a wealthy corporate elite, economic and political barriers often bar entry to new participants, and American citizens receive their news from this structural mass media creature. In addition to structure, it is important to discuss the more substantive features of American mass media. A superficial analysis might yield the view that American mass media, as a corporate enterprise designed to generate profits for corporate shareholders, reflects like a mirror the diversity and the variety of the American citizenry. If the mass media oligopoly didn't give the American consumers what they wanted, this logic goes, then the consumers would switch allegiance and the corporate profits would dry up. There are two fundamental flaws with this argument from the point of view of a theorist such as Mill. First, how the corporate mass media decides to present programming is often a product of detailed surveys and focus groups (Carper, 1995: D-19.2); in effect, the mass media is appealing to the majority as a primary justification for the selection of suitable subject matter and viewpoints. Rather than making programming decisions independently, based on

The International Debt Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The International Debt Crisis - Essay Example After World War 2, the Bretton Woods system was established and followed by many nations for years till is a collapse in 1971. The Bretton Woods system was related to fixed exchange rate; linked to the reserve of gold held by the country. The system operated as the value of the dollar was kept almost constant and any fluctuation in the exchange rates between the dollar and other currencies was accordingly countered by the central banks of the related countries.   If the dollar experienced a decrease in value, the central bank of the country would act so as to counter the effects of this fall in value by selling more of its own currency to decrease its value and maintain the value of the dollar to its previous level. This system functioned because of the willingness and ability of other nations to help maintain the value of the dollar. However, in 1971 when the United States experienced a fall in the value of the dollar the countries did not act to maintain the value of the dollar. ...  Finally, the Bretton Woods system was abolished in 1971 and the floating exchange rate system was introduced where the value of the dollar was allowed to fluctuate in the money market.   THE OIL PRICE HIKE AND ITS EFFECTS  The increase in the prices oil in the 1970s was massive enough to create a ruffle in the economies of many countries throughout the world. The oil-exporting nations experienced a huge capital inflow due to the increase in prices whereas the oil-importing countries (which included many developing nations) experienced noticeable capital outflow and oil inflation in their respective economies.

Star Formation :: Astronomy

The basic idea of star formation is gravitational collapse – the contraction of a region of gas under the influence of gravity. This is a simple process that would be expected to occur in any region of material dense enough for collisions between atoms to radiate away energy. However, the gas must be dense enough for collisions to occur and the temperature must be low enough for the atomic velocities not to be able to escape the system's gravity, so star formation only occurs in a few areas. The sites of star formation in the galaxy are mostly located within molecular clouds – expansive, cool clouds of mostly hydrogen and helium gas. Molecular clouds are on average too diffuse to contract gravitationally, but within a cloud are regions of locally higher density, which are the sites of active star formation. It is not known exactly what causes molecular clouds and star-forming regions to be distributed as they are. However, it appears to be related to the spiral-arm structure of spiral galaxies, which is thought to be the result of density waves passing through the disk, compressing matter and igniting star formation in their wake, leaving the trails of young, hot, blue stars in their wake that are the primary feature of spiral galaxies. The distribution of gas in these regions is probably erratic enough that once a sufficient compression comes through a large number of separated regions will be triggered to contract individually. One a sufficiently dense region begins to contract, the process becomes self-sustaining, as contraction only increases the density and makes contraction more rapid. Any net rotation in the region will be flattened by conservation of angular momentum as the cloud contracts and spins more rapidly, making the contracting region attain the shape of a disk. The center of mass of the cloud will, of course, be the location of highest density, and as matter rains onto the center it will heat up rapidly to very high temperatures. This 'protostar' will emit strong radiation and winds which, while not immediately enough to stop the influx of matter from the disk, generates powerful outflow jets along the poles of the system, which may also be influenced by magnetic force originating in the disk. Throughout the process the temperature, density, and pressure in the protostar at the center are increasing, and soon approach figures comparable to normal stars. Once the temperature of the center

The Italian Retreat from Modern Architecture

‘The Italian Retreat from Modern Architecture: Gig Pont', Nonlinearity and others Italy is decentralized in Europe, south side ripping Transition Interview Difficult position in the way they accept refugees, pressures Italy have never been absolute 1860- unified by man but not unified in region, approaches to life, culture and language vary great amounts between cities of Italy. 1959?Renee Bonham Nonlinearity, the Italian retreat from modern architecture Attacking individualistic new Italian architects that were trying to be dedicate in the way they developed architecture, Just interested in themselves Guide Canella, a page from the article on the ‘Amsterdam School' Renee Bonham, conclusion of his article in The Architectural Review Ernest Nathan Rogers, ‘Continuity' o crisis? ‘ (Continuity of crisis? ), Isabella, no. 1 5, April-May 1957 early 20th century example of modern architecture, not an white clean architecture of machine Bonham is English, cannot unde rstand how Italians perceived architecture, they did not see it was something that could revolutionize or save the world. ‘Nonlinearity the type of architecture that was used in certain parts of Europe around he end of 19th century beginning of 20th common ground, trying to shift from 18th and 19th century architecture but was not interested in architecture as a machine and that direction Bonham is much more black and white, Isabella, no. 1 5, April-May 1957, content page with image of project in El Heaver by Pepper Eduardo Persist, Salad Della Aviators (Victory Room), VI Triennial, Milan, 1936 Adulterate Liberal, Case Maladapted, Capri island, Naples, 1938-40 Window Frames- full of matter Floor- not a functions type of modernist Window back of fireplace, sense of merging with the sun and the yellow orange lames of the fire. Onto born 1891-1979, generation of El Sorbs product of Italy TM most prominent architect that tried to understand bourgeois importance of discussion rathe r than getting to a point founder and director of Dooms magazine director of Stile magazine Gig Point, Mate laureateship (In praise of Architecture), book, 1957, cover page Gig Pont', Laureateship e' UN Cristal (Architecture is a crystal), (a publication that was published a bit earlier) Stile magazine, cover page Misaims Campaign, portrait of the Point family, painting ads for Richard Ignoring products, Dooms no. 1 GIG point,Gig Pont', kitchen plates for Richard Ignoring, 1923-25 , Vase, ceramic work Gig Pont', Hands, ceramic work House in via Rancid, Milan, 1924-26 point, Gig Point, House in via Rancid, Milan, 1924-26 point, Vile Boutique, Searches, 1925-26 El Couriers, Vile Stein, Searches, 1927 Comparison of two houses El Sorbs machine type of plan Built same time but different era's Gig Pont', Vile Bouillon, Searches, 1925-26, view Gig Point, House in Via Domenici, Milan, 1928-30 Gig Pont', House in Via Domenici, Lantern on the rooftop Fillips Brucellosis, Lantern on top of dom e, S. Maria del Floor, FlorenceGig Pont', Graphic and Textile design work Gig Point, Graphic and Textile design work Gig Point , Aria Italian magazine, cover page Gig Point, ‘Dooms Serene', Via De Togging, Milan, 1933-36, facade Dooms Latin word for house Vs.. El sorbs towards a new architecture, you can see the difference between the two Gig Point, ‘Typical Houses' Via De Togging, Milan Gig Point, ‘Dooms Julia', Via De Togging, Milan, 1931-34, fade rooms in houses were only allowed to be so big in order to help deal with the demand for housing Point created the idea of using a partition in the middle of a room to create two roomsItalians don't have second hand shops because they keep everything, would never see a garage sale etc.. Even stay in the same house windows that frame views Gig Pont', Marmot House, Milan, 1933-36 works with curtains, works with lots more things than ‘Just the wall' believed designing furniture was part of the architecture , Domestic space, exhibition installation at the 6th Triennial, Milan, 1936 GIG point dinner set, sass Gig Pont', dinner set and tablecloth, sass Gig Point, dinner set and tablecloth , Ferreira company, chairman office, Rome, 1936 Vendetta Furnishings, (an ‘organized wall'), Milan, 1938 Amour Belle', ‘Table- container', prototype, Ghetto-Ambient Exhibition, Association J.Voodoo et Bruno Danes, Milan, 1994 Calvin, Merlin', Mayo, Window-screen', prototype, Ghetto-Ambient Exhibition, Milan, 1994 Calvin, Merlin', Mayo, Window-screen', prototype, Ghetto-Ambient Exhibition, Milan, 1994 Bruno Veering, ‘movable shelving system', prototype, Ghetto-Ambient Exhibition, Milan, 1994 Bruno Veering, ‘movable shelving system', prototype, Ghetto-Ambient Exhibition, Milan, 1994 idea of having a single element with multiple functionsGig Point, Bed, furniture design Marco Removable, Mart Laudanum, ‘Nomadic Cardboard Panel', prototype, Ghetto- Ambient Exhibition, Milan, 1994 kinetic transitional Raisin tower, almost works as context itself Softness, reduce sense of mass accompanies organic roof point, Lamp, 1960 Ambient Exhibition, Milan, 1994 Antonio Astor', ‘Intemperate' (Internally) furniture system, Deride production, sass Joe Colombo, ‘Box 1', day-and-night furniture facility, 1968 Joe Colombo, ‘Square Plastic System', furniture system, 1969 idea of liberating people from the kitchen Joe Colombo, ‘Root-living, furniture design, 1969Joe Colombo , ‘cabriolet-seed', 1969 , ‘ Multi-chat, 1970 , ‘Mint-kitchen', 1963 Joe Colombo, ‘Combo-center' container, 1963 Joe Colombo, ‘Tube-Chat, 1969 Joe Colombo, Visions' exhibition, 1969 Gig Pont', Medication Building, Milan, interiors, 1935-38 Gig Point, Medication Building, Milan Gig Pont', Medication Building, Milan Gig Pont', Raisin Tower, Milan, 1933-36, perspective drawing Gig Pont', Raisin Tower, Milan, 1933-36, photo with neoclassic Portal Venetian in the foreg round Gig Pont', Raisin Tower, Milan, the tower and the park Gig Pont', Raisin Tower, Milan, rooftop GIG point, Rarest -rower, Milan, 1933-36Pitter Dieresis, Tower Building, Berlin, 1986 Pitter Dieresis, Tower Building, Berlin, 1986, plan + elevations, drawing Pitter Dieresis, Tower Building, Berlin, view from the street tower view at night, looked like a painting Gig Pont', Raisin Tower, Milan, side fade Pitter Dieresis, Tower Building, Berlin, view from the street Dieresis tower wants to be a mediator between the road and Gig Point, Scenes and costumes design for Stravinsky ‘Applicable', Triennial Theatre, Milan, 1940 Gig Point, glass bottles and cups, design for Venin' Company, 1946-49 Gig Pont', ‘La Paving' coffee machine, Milan, 1948Gig Pont', ‘Andrea Dorian' ship, interiors, 1948-52 POINT WAS READY TO DECORATE D†°CORE, this was not supported by modernism In production, building offices, he becomes very rigorous Rigor in Milan, people dress elegant but al l the same Rome things change, they are much more ‘began' with colors, eat outside Linking back to how there is a large cultural difference in each city e etc. ‘Dulcimer' store, Milan, interiors with surrealist objects, late ass, early ass , Casino, San Remote, interiors and furniture, 1950 Gig Pont', Casino, San Remote, interiors and furniture , Staccato Apartment, interior and furniture, 1950Gig Point (with Piper Fornicates), Interior exhibition, 9th Triennial, Milan, 1951 Gig Point (with Piper Fornicates), Lucian Apartment, interiors and decorations, 1951 Gig Point (with Piper Fornicates), Lucian Apartment, early (and decorated) version of ‘Supercharger' chair, 1951 Gig Pont', his own architectural office, Milan, 1952 Gig Pont', his own architectural office, interiors Milan, 1952 Eduardo Persist, Marcello Nozzle, Salad Medieval door (Gold Medals Room), Italian Aeronautics Exhibition, 1934 Gig Point, Mate laureateship (In praise of Architecture), book, 1957, cove r Point is very good with sensibility of spaceGig Point, ‘Supercharger' chair, 1957 ‘Chivalric chair' supercharger, super light chair, can be lifted with pinky finger very famous, incorporate everyday objects vernacular design, beautiful but clumsy Guide Canella, furniture design, prototype, Nevi Design per IL Mobile Italians (New Design for Italian Furniture) Exhibition, 1960 Roberto Gigabit & Mario Sisal, furniture design, prototype, Nevi Design per IL Mobile Italians Exhibition, 1960 Aledo Rossi, Table, prototype, Nevi Design per IL Mobile Italians Exhibition, 1960 Josef Hoffmann, Stole Building, Brussels, 1905 Rossi looks at structures that are much more linearHoffmann, type of corner that marks the buildings, much more conceptual Age Ailment, Rocking chair, prototype, Nevi Design per IL Mobile Italians Exhibition, 1960 Age Ailment, Bookshelf, prototype, Nevi Design per IL Mobile Italians Exhibition, 1960 Vitriol Garrotter, armchair, prototype, Nevi Design per IL Mob ile Italians Exhibition, 1960 Umber Rival, deckchair, prototype, Nevi Design per IL Mobile Italians Exhibition, 1960 all furniture about putting more rather than less human posture curved Achilles Castigation, ‘Splurge Brad' Pub-Bar-Restaurant, Milan 1960 Achilles Castigation, Splurge Brad' Pub-Bar-Restaurant, Milan 1960 Achilles Castigation, ‘San Luck' armchair, prototype sense of mean, floating lamps (named after the restaurant) total linear, rather than Just repeating the same element Marco Suzann, ‘Lady, armchair, 1950 Franco Albania, ‘Margarita', Malice bamboo-cane armchair, 1950 Gig Point, ‘Continuum', cane-chair, Poinciana production, 1963 Gig Point, ‘Novella', armchair, C&B production, 1968 Gig Point, Villa Plainchant, Caracas, Venezuela, 1955 closed volumes, moments of surprises materiality with layers, bringing layers to modernism Gig Pont', Point apartment, Via Daze, Milan, 1957, interiors designed his own house, colorful tiles. Decorat ions very Joyful Gig Pont', Furnished window for an exhibition in New York, 1953 interested in discussing ‘con-fusion,' to be one, inability to differ areas of space decorated elements that duplicate themselves in mirrors around.Gig Point, Hotel ‘Parch die Principia', Rome, 1964, interiors Gig Pont', Hotel ‘Parch die Principia', Rome, 1964, interiors Gig Point, Hotel ‘Parch die Principia', Rome, 1964, fade (detail) Gig Pont', project for an Italian Embassy building, early sass, drawings interested in natural mass architectural form to a natural form and vise versa not particularly interested in function Gig Pont', sanitary fixtures set, Ideal Standard, 1953, drawings with notes Gig Pont', sanitary fixtures set, Ideal Standard, 1953, washbasin Gig Pont', sanitary fixtures set, Ideal Standard, 1953, toilet Gig Pont', sanitary fixtures set, Ideal Standard, 1953, toilet and more set components Gig Point, steel flatware, Italian Group, 9th Triennial, Milan, 1951, sketches and notes Gig Point, steel flatware, Italian Group, 9th Triennial, Milan, 1951 Idea of redesigning a fork Gig Point, vases, Sebastian production, 1956

Winter at Valley Forge in the American Revolution

The encampment at Valley Forge took place from December 19, 1777 through June 19, 1778 and served as winter quarters for General George Washingtons Continental Army. Having suffered a string of defeats that fall, including losing the capital of Philadelphia to the British, the Americans made camp for the winter outside of the city. While at Valley Forge, the army endured a chronic supply crisis but largely remained as well fed and clothed as it did during the previous campaigning season. During the winter, it benefited from the arrival of Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben who implemented a new training regimen which transformed the men in the ranks from inexperienced amateurs into disciplined soldiers capable of standing up against the British. When Washingtons men departed in June 1778, they were an improved army from the one that had arrived months earlier. A Difficult Autumn In the fall of 1777, Washingtons army moved south from New Jersey to defend the capital of Philadelphia from the advancing forces of General William Howe. Clashing at Brandywine on September 11, Washington was decisively defeated, leading the Continental Congress to flee the city. Fifteen days later, after outmaneuvering Washington, Howe entered Philadelphia unopposed. Seeking to regain the initiative, Washington struck at Germantown on October 4.  In a hard-fought battle, the Americans came close to victory but again suffered defeat. Selecting a Site With the campaign season ending and cold weather rapidly approaching, Washington moved his army into winter quarters. For his winter encampment, Washington selected Valley Forge on the Schuylkill River approximately 20 miles northwest of Philadelphia. With its high ground and position near the river, Valley Forge was easily defensible, but still close enough to the city for Washington to maintain pressure on the British. The location also allowed the Americans to prevent Howes men from raiding into the Pennsylvania interior as well as could provide the launching point for a winter campaign. Additionally, the location next to the Schuylkill worked to facilitate the movement of supplies. Despite the defeats of the fall, the 12,000 men of the Continental Army were in good spirits when they marched into Valley Forge on December 19, 1777.   Reconstructed army huts at Valley Forge. Photograph  © 2008 Patricia A. Hickman Housing Under the direction of the armys engineers, the men began constructing over 2,000 log huts laid out along military streets.  These were erected using lumber from the regions abundant forests and typically took a week to build. With the arrival of spring, Washington directed that two windows be added to each hut. In addition, defensive trenches and five redoubts were built to protect the encampment. To facilitate re-supply of the army, a bridge was erected over the Schuylkill. The winter at Valley Forge generally conjures images of half-naked, starving soldiers battling the elements. This was not the case. This imagery is largely the result of early, romanticized interpretations of the encampment story which were meant to serve as a parable about American perseverance. Supplies Though far from ideal, the conditions of the encampment were generally on par with the Continental soldiers routine privations. During the early months of the encampment, supplies and provisions were scarce, but available. Soldiers made due with subsistence meals such as firecake, a mixture of water and flour. This would sometimes be supplemented by pepper pot soup, a stew of beef tripe and vegetables.   The situation improved in February following a visit to the camp by members of Congress and successful lobbying by Washington. While a lack of clothing caused suffering among some the men, many were fully uniformed with the best equipped units used for foraging and patrols. During the early months at Valley Forge, Washington lobbied to improve the armys supply situation with some success. Statue of Brigadier General Anthony Wayne at Valley Forge. Photograph  © 2008 Patricia A. Hickman To supplement those supplies received from Congress, Washington sent Brigadier General Anthony Wayne to New Jersey in February 1778, to gather food and cattle for the men. A month later, Wayne returned with 50 head of cattle and 30 horses. With the arrival of warmer weather in March, disease began strike at the army. Over the next three months, influenza, typhus, typhoid, and dysentery all erupted within the encampment. Of the 2,000 men who died at Valley Forge, over two-thirds were killed by disease. These outbreaks were eventually contained through sanitation regulations, inoculations, and the work of surgeons. Drilling with von Steuben: On February 23, 1778, Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben arrived in the camp. A former member of the Prussian General Staff, von Steuben had been recruited to the American cause in Paris by Benjamin Franklin. Accepted by Washington, von Steuben was put to work designing a training program for the army. He was aided in this task by Major General Nathanael Greene and Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Hamilton. Though he spoke no English, von Steuben commenced his program in March with the aid of interpreters. Beginning with a model company of 100 chosen men, von Steuben instructed them in drill, maneuver, and a simplified manual of arms. These 100 men were in turn sent out to other units to repeat the process and so on until the entire army was trained. In addition, von Steuben introduced a system of progressive training for recruits which educated them in the basics of soldiering. Statue of Baron von Steuben at Valley Forge. Photograph  © 2008 Patricia A. Hickman Surveying the encampment, von Steuben greatly improved sanitation by reorganizing the camp. This included the repositioning kitchens and latrines ensure they were on the opposites ends of the camp and the latter on the downhill side. His efforts so impressed Washington that Congress appointed inspector general for the army on May 5.  The results of von Steubens training were immediately evident at Barren Hill (May 20) and the Battle of Monmouth (June 28). In both cases, the Continental soldiers stood up to and fought on equal footing with the British professionals. Departure Though the winter at Valley Forge had been trying for both the men and the leadership, the Continental Army emerged as a stronger fighting force. Washington, having survived various intrigues, such as the Conway Cabal, to remove him from command, cemented himself as the armys military and spiritual leader, while the men, stiffened by von Steuben, were superior soldiers to those that had arrived in December 1777. On May 6, 1778, the army held celebrations for the announcement of the alliance with France.  These saw military demonstrations across the camp and the firing of artillery salutes. This change in the course of the war, prompted the British to evacuate Philadelphia and return to New York. Hearing of the British departure from the city, Washington and the army left Valley Forge in pursuit on June 19.   Leaving some men, led by the injured Major General Benedict Arnold, to re-occupy Philadelphia, Washington led the army across the Delaware into New Jersey. Nine days later, the Continental Army intercepted the British at the Battle of Monmouth. Fighting through extreme heat, the armys training showed as it battled the British to a draw. At its next major encounter, the Battle of Yorktown, it would be victorious. General George Washingtons headquarters at Valley Forge. Photograph  © 2008 Patricia A. Hickman